CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA
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[1] Larva

 [2] Subimago & imago

[3] Egg
[1.1] Head [1.2] Thorax [1.3] Abdomen [2.1] Head [2.2] Thorax [2.3] Abdomen

INDEX OF CHARACTERS

2.2. SUBIMAGO & IMAGO:
 THORAX AND ITS APPENDAGES
Prothorax [2.2.1–2], mesothorax [2.2.3–25], metathorax [2.2.26], wings [2.2.27–72], legs [2.2.73–87]

Prothorax of subimago & imago [2.2.1–2]

[2.2] All thoracic segments 

— with dark spots: Callibaetis/fg3 (1)

[2.2.1] Pronotum

[2.2.2] Prosternum

— with unpaired projection: Acanthametropus/fg1 (4), Ametropus (3)

— with bispinate projection: Baetisca/f2=g1 (1)

— with transverse ridge: Heptagenia/f6=g5 (4)

— narrowed, with furca fork-like: Cryptoprosternata (1)

— narrowing anteriorly: Caenis/f4=g2 (1)

— wide: Brachycercus/f1=g3 (P), Madecocercus (P), "Afrocercus" (P)

Mesothorax of subimago & imago
Mesothorax [2.2.3], prealar bridge [2.2.4], tergite [2.2.5–18], pleurite [2.2.19–21], sternite [2.2.22–25]

[2.2.3] Mesothorax

— enlarged and modified: [Classification of Furcatergaliae II], Caenoptera (1), Tricorygnatha (6), Leptohyphes/fg1 (4) {Tricorythodes/fg1 (2), (3)}

Prealar bridge [2.2.4]

[2.2.4] Posterior arm of prealar bridge

— reduced: Branchitergaliae (2)

Tergite of mesothorax of subimago & imago
Mesonotum [2.2.5–13], subimaginal mesonotal pigmentation [2.2.14–15], postnotum and phragma [2.2.16–18]

Mesonotum of subimago & imago [2.2.5–13]

[2.2.4a] Mesonotum

— in imago has the same pigmented areas as in subimago (see [1.1.14]): Isca/fg1 (5)

[2.2.5] Anteronotal protuberance

— sharply projected: ...? Monocentroptilum (), Acentrella/fg1 (not all) (6), Heterocloeon/g1 (), Plauditus (), Deceptiviosa (), Camelobaetidius ()

[2.2.6] Anteronotal transverse impression

— absent: Caenoptera (1)

[2.2.7] Median longitudinal suture

— convex: †Palaeocloeon (1), Baetopus/g1 (), Centroptilum/g1 (), subimago of Cloeon/fg2 ()

— with medionotal membrane: part of Fimbriatotergaliae (2) {Caenoptera (1)}

[2.2.8] Mesonotal suture (among all Ephemeroptera)

— stretched backward medially or transverse: Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Dipteromimus (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Vetulata (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (P), Rallidens (P), Branchitergaliae (not all) (P), Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (9), †Baba (), †"Cretoneta" (P)

— curved backward as a whole: part of Branchitergaliae (P) {Geminovenata (4)}

— curved backward at each side: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (2), Tetramerotarsata (4), Fimbriatotergaliae (not all) (2) {Potamanthus/fg1 (P), Ichthybotus (P), Sinephemera (P), Ephemera/fg11 (P), Hexagenia/fg1 (P), Pentagenia (P), Neoephemera/fg1 (P)}, Leptophlebia/fg1 (3)

— close to medioparapsidal suture: Afromera/g1 (2)

— lost being integrated with lateroparapsidal suture: Tetramerotarsata (4), [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIc] (11), part of Fimbriatotergaliae (2) {Palingenia/f3=g2 (1), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (3), Caenoptera (1)}, part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (3)

— lost being smoothed: part of Branchitergaliae (P) {Epeorus/fg1 (1)}, part of Ephemerella/fg1 (9)}

[2.2.9] Lateroparapsidal suture

— curved laterally: Coloburiscus/fg2 (1), Rhithrogena/fg1 (3), Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (10) {Ephemerella/fg2 (P), Vietnamella (P), Melanemerella/fg1 (P), Ephemerythus (P), Dicercomyzon (P), Machadorythus (P)}

— connected with medioparapsidal suture: Heptagenia/f5=g4 (P), Cinygma (P), part of Ephemerella/fg1 (10) {Teloganodes/f1=g3 (4), Tricorygnatha (6), Leptohyphes/fg1 (4)}

[2.2.10] Sublateroscutum of mesonotum

— with sublateroscutal suture: Tetramerotarsata (2)

— with transverse interscutal suture: [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIb] (3), Caenoptera (8), Tricorygnatha (6), Leptohyphes/fg1 (4)

[2.2.11] Posterior scutal protuberances of mesonotum

— convergent: Caenoptera (8), Tricorythodes (2)

— not convergent: Leptohyphes/fg2 (P), Allenhyphes (P)

[2.2.12] Lateroscutal suture of mesonotum

— straight: Fimbriatotergaliae (not all) (3)

[2.2.13] Scutellum of mesonotum

— elongate: Posteritorna (6)

— with lateral impressions enlarged: Caenoptera (8), Teloganodes/f1=g3 (2), Tricoryptera (3)

— with unpaired plumidium: part of Posteritorna (3)

— with pair of plumidia: part of Eusetisura (5) {part of Discoglossata (3)}, part of Ephemerella/fg1 (5)

— with infrascutellum – see [2.2.17]

Pigmentation of subimaginal mesonotum [2.2.14–15]

[2.2.14] Lateral pigmented area of subimaginal mesonotum

— bifurcates backward into lateroparapsidal stripe (see [2.2.15]) and lateral portion, occupying smaller part of sublateroscutum: Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Vetulata (P), Coloburiscoides (P), Heptagennota (2)

— occupies most part of sublateroscutum: Dipteromimus (3), Metretopus/fg1 (4), Nesameletus/f2=Metamonius/g2 (6), Ameletopsis/fg1 (3), Coloburiscus/fg2 (1), Fimbriatotergaliae (not all) (2) {Potamanthus/fg1 (P), Ichthybotus (P), Ephemera/fg9 (P), Pentagenia (P), Neoephemera/fg1 (P)}, Leptophlebia/fg1 (not all) (3)

— medially limited by arched relief line mediad of lateroparapsidal suture: Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (10) {Ephemerella/fg2 (P), Vietnamella (P), Melanemerella/fg ()}

— includes whole submedioscutum: Ameletus/fg1 (2), Isonychia/fg1 (3), part of Ephemerella/fg1 (10) {Teloganodes/f1=g3 (4), Ephemerythus ?? ()}

— dispersed or non-expressed: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (2), part of Fimbriatotergaliae (2) {Palingenia/f3=g2 (1), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (3), Caenoptera (7)}, part of Ephemerella/fg1 (10) {Tricoryptera (4) {Tricorygnatha (6), Dicercomyzon (P), Machadorythus (P), Leptohyphes/fg1 (4)}}, part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (3) {Hermanellonota (1)}

[2.2.15] Lateroparapsidal stripe of pigmented area of mesonotum

— short: Siphlonurus/fg1 (4), Vetulata (7)

— long, laterally limited by relief line: Heptagennota (2)

— posteriorly widened: Heptagennota (not all) (2) {Heptagenia/f5=g4 (P), Paegniodes (P)}

— posteriorly curved laterally: part of Rhithrogena/fg1 (3) {Rhithrogena/fg2 (6), Epeorus/fg1 (7)}

— with portion behind apex of lateroparapsidal suture: Rhithrogena/fg3 (4)

Postnotum and phragma of mesothorax of subimago & imago [2.2.16–18]

[2.2.16] Lateropostnotum of mesothorax

— fused with epimeron: [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIc] (9), Euthyplocia/fg1 (8), Fossoriae (4), Caenoptera (8), Tricorythodes (3), Tricorythopsis (5)

— strongly enlarged: [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIc] (9), Caenoptera (8), Tricorythodes (3), Tricorythopsis (5)

— with crest elongate: Turbanoculata (9)

— with crest on anterior margin: Fimbriatotergaliae (not all) (4), Leptohyphes/fg2 (2)

[2.2.17] Infrascutellum

— interrupted medially: [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIa] (1), Caenoptera (8), Teloganodes/f1=g3 (), Tricoryptera (3)

— with concave anterior-dorsal margin of infrascutellar-postsubalar arm: Cloeon/fg1 () 

[2.2.18] Phragma between meso- and metathorax

— in male unpaired: Caenoptera (1)

Pleuron of mesothorax of subimago & imago [2.2.19–21]

[2.2.19] Anterior paracoxal suture of mesothorax

— complete (reaching sternum) (among all Ephemeroptera): Posteritorna (P), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Dipteromimus (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Tetramerotarsata (3), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Vetulata (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (P), Eusetisura (P), †"Cretoneta" (P)

— incomplete (not reaching sternum) (among all Ephemeroptera): Rallidens (6), Heptagennota (3), Furcatergaliae (3)

— transferred anteriorly: Posteritorna (8), Tetramerotarsata (3)

— transferred posteriorly: Heptagennota (3), [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIa] (4), Caenoptera (8), Tricorygnatha (6), Leptohyphes/fg1 (4)

— curved backward and reaching furcasternum: Geminovenata (5)

[2.2.20] Epimeron of mesothorax

— with membranous area: Ameletus/fg1 (3)

— in subimago not elongate: Siphlaenigma (P)

— in subimago elongate: Turbanoculata (9)

— fused with lateropostnotum: Euthyplocia/fg1 (8), Fossoriae (4), Caenoptera (8), Tricorythodes (3), Tricorythopsis (5)

[2.2.21] Lateropostnotum – see [2.2.16]

Sternum of mesothorax of subimago & imago [2.2.22–25]

[2.2.22] Basisternum of mesothorax

— contains synganglion: Posteritorna (2)

— with bifurcate projection: Isonychia/fg1 (4)

[2.2.23] Furcasternal protuberances of mesothorax (among all Ephemeroptera)

— contiguous (i.e. without median impression): Posteritorna (2), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Dipteromimus (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Siphlaenigma (P), †Palaeocloeon (P), Eusetisura (not all) (P), Potamanthus/fg1 (P), Euthyplocia/fg1 (P), Ichthybotus (P), Ephemera/fg9 (P), Behningia/fg1 (P), Palingenia/f2=g1 (P), Polymitarcys/f2=Ephoron/g3 (P)}, †Baba (P), †"Cretoneta" (P)}

— separated at least at posterior part (i.e. with median impression – see [2.2.24]): Turbanoculata (2), part of Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Vetulata (6), Ameletopsis/fg1 (2), Rallidens (7), Heptagennota (4), Campsurus/fg1 (4), Caenotergaliae (4), Ephemerella/fg1 (17), Leptophlebia/fg1 (4)

[2.2.24] Median impression of furcasternum

— present only in posterior part: Pseudiron (P)

— narrowed anteriorly: part of Nesameletus/f2=Metamonius/g2 (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (2), Heptagennota (not all) (4) {Heptagenia/f6=g5 (P)}

— not narrowed anteriorly: Vetulata (6), Ecdyonurus/fg1 (1)

[2.2.25] Subalar-sternal muscle

— absent: Caenoptera (1)

Metathorax of subimago & imago [2.2.26]

[2.2.26] Metathorax

— vestigial: [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIc] (10), Caenoptera (9), Tricorythodes (4)

— in imago with transverse ridge: Caenis/f4=g2 (2)

— without transverse ridge: Brachycercus/f1=g3 (P), Madecocercus (P), "Afrocercus" (P)

Wings
Wings [2.2.27], fore wing [2.2.28–58], hind wing [2.2.59–72]

[2.2.27] Wings

— unable to fold at rest: Panephemeroptera (1)

— at rest spread by sides: Platybaetis (5), Caenoptera (8), Tricorygnatha (12), Leptohyphes/fg1 (10), 

— at rest raised up: Ephemerythus (P), Dicercomyzon (P)

— unavailable for flight: part of Heptagennota (5), part of Anagenesia/g1 (1)

— in imago with marginal setae as in subimago: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (), [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIb] (6), Exeuthyplocia/fg1 (2), Behningia/fg1 (7), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (VAR), Caenoptera (12), Tricorygnatha (8), Leptohyphes/fg1 (6), Coryphorus (), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {part of Isca/fg1 (VAR)}

— in imago without marginal setae: Ephemerythus (P), Dicercomyzon (P), Machadorythus (P)

Fore wing
Fore wing [2.2.28], costal brace [2.2.29], vein Sc [2.2.30], vein RA [2.2.31], vein RS [2.2.32–41], vein MA [2.2.42–44], vein MP [2.2.45–49], cubital veins [2.2.50–53], vein AA [2.2.54], additional intercalaries [2.2.55–56], crossveins [2.2.57], coloration [2.2.58]

[2.2.28] Fore wing

— with tornus behind CuP: Posteritorna (1)

— with tornus between CuA and CuP: Anteritorna (1)

— strongly narrowed: Dipteromimus (2)

— fan-like widened proximally: Caenoptera (2)

— with undulate tornoapical margin: Behningia/fg3 (1), Anagenesia/g1 (1)

— with this or that type of gemination: †Palingeniopsis (in †Permoplectoptera), Discoglossata (5) {Geminovenata (3)}, part of Euthyplocia/fg1 (11), Behningia/fg3 (1), Palingenia/f3=g2 (2) {Anagenesia/g1 (1) {Cheirogenesia (1)}}, †Hexagenites/fg1 (2)

— with veins connected in pairs: Geminovenata (3)

— without gemination: Pentagenia (P)

— with additional intercalaries – see [2.2.56]: Anagenesia/g1 (1), Fulleta/g1 () 

— with 1 vein in pterostigma: Oculogaster (2)

[2.2.29] Costal brace of fore wing

— present: Euephemeroptera (1)

— approximated to Sc: Discoglossata (4)

[2.2.30] Sc of fore wing

— terminates near wing apex: Panephemeroptera (2), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

[2.2.31] RA of fore wing

— terminates near wing apex: Panephemeroptera (2), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

Vein RS of fore wing [2.2.32–41]

[2.2.32] Common stem of RS+MA of fore wing

— present: Euephemeroptera (2)

— reduced: Posteritorna (9)

[2.2.33] RS of fore wing

— begins as common stem: Panephemeroptera (2), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

— arises from RA: †Protephemeroidea (1)

— arises from MA: Euephemeroptera (2)

— approximated with MA: †Syntonoptera/fg1 (2)

— concave: Panephemeroptera (3), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (2)

— forms triad RSa–iRS–RSp: Panephemeroptera (4), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (3)

[2.2.34] RSa of fore wing

— concave: Panephemeroptera (4)

— forms triad RSa1–iRSa–RSa2: Panephemeroptera (not all) (4)

— without branches and intercalaries, approximated with iRS: Geminovenata (not all) (3)

— absent: Homoeoneuria/g2 (4), Elassoneuria/g1 (2)

— proximally approximated to RA: part of Oligoneuria/f4=g5 (5) {Lachlania (2), Oligoneuria/f5=g6 (2)}

— not connected with RSp, non-branched: Prosopistoma/f2=g3 (1)

[2.2.35] RSa1 of fore wing:

— concave: Panephemeroptera (4)

[2.2.36] iRSa of fore wing

— convex: Panephemeroptera (4)

[2.2.37] RSa2 of fore wing

— concave: Panephemeroptera (4)

— non-branched: †Protephemeroidea (2), part of Euephemeroptera (3) {Geminovenata (3), Behningia/fg1 (4), Anagenesia/g1 (1), Campsurus/fg1 (not all) (5)}

— forms triad RSa2'–iRSa2–RSa2'': Euephemeroptera (not all) (3)

— connected with RSa: Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), Radulapalpata (P)

— not connected with RSa: Arthroplea (4)

— approximated with iRS: Behningia/fg3 (1), Palingenia/f3=g2 (2)

[2.2.38] RSa2' of fore wing

— concave: Euephemeroptera (not all) (3)

— absent: Geminovenata (3), Behningia/fg1 (4), Anagenesia/g1 (1), Campsurus/fg1 (not all) (5)

[2.2.39] iRSa2 of fore wing

— convex: Euephemeroptera (not all) (3)

— absent: Geminovenata (3), Behningia/fg1 (4), Anagenesia/g1 (1), Campsurus/fg1 (5)

[2.2.40] iRS of fore wing

— convex: Panephemeroptera (4)

— arise from RSa: Discoglossata (not all) (6)

— approximated with RSa: Geminovenata (not all) (3)

— approximated with RSa2: Behningia/fg3 (1), Palingenia/f3=g2 (2)

— absent: Homoeoneuria/g2 (4), Elassoneuria/g1 (2)

— proximally approximated to RA: part of Oligoneuria/f4=g5 (5) {Lachlania (2), Oligoneuria/f5=g6 (2)}

[2.2.41] RSp of fore wing

— concave: Panephemeroptera (4)

— approximated with MA1: †Palingeniopsis (in †Permoplectoptera), Discoglossata (5), Behningia/fg3 (1), Palingenia/f3=g2 (2), †Hexagenites/fg1 (2)

— closely approximated with MA1: Geminovenata (3)

Vein MA of fore wing [2.2.42–44]

[2.2.42] MA of fore wing

— convex: Panephemeroptera (3), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

[2.2.43] MA bifurcation of fore wing

— present: Euephemeroptera (not all) (4)

— near middle: Euephemeroptera (not all) (4) {Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), Siphlaenigma (P), Elassoneuria/g1 (1), Palingenia/f4=g3 (P)}

— transferred proximally: Euthyplocia/fg1 (4), Behningia/fg1 (5), Anagenesia/g1 (1), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (4)

— strongly transferred proximally: Geminovenata (not all) (3) {Oligoneuriella/g1 (P), Homoeoneuria/g1 (P), Oligoneuria/f4=g5 (P), Fittkauneuria (P)}, Behningia/fg1 (5), Campsurus/fg1 (5)

— symmetrical: part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (5) 

— asymmetrical: Leptophlebia/fg1 (not all) (5) {?Leptophlebia/fg2 (?P), ?Calliarcys (?P), ?Habrophlebia/fg1 (?P), Terpides/fg1 (17), Castanophlebia/g1 (P), Hermanellandria (P), ?Hagenulus/fg2 (?P), Miroculis/g1 (), Askola (),} 

— absent, MA2 free: Liberevenata (1)

— absent, MA2 absent: †Protephemeroidea (3), Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (1)

[2.2.44] iMA of fore wing:

— absent: Geminovenata (3)

— approximated with MA2: †Palingeniopsis (in †Permoplectoptera), Behningia/fg3 (1), Palingenia/f3=g2 (2), †Hexagenites/fg1 (2)

Vein MP of fore wing [2.2.45–49]

[2.2.45] MP of fore wing

— concave: Panephemeroptera (3), Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

[2.2.46] MP bifurcation of fore wing

— symmetrical: part of Simothraulopsis/g1 (VAR), ??Hagenulus/fg2 (??), Farrodes (), Askola () 

— asymmetrical: Homothraulus/g1 (), Hermanellognatha (4), part of Simothraulopsis/g1 (VAR),  

[2.2.47] MP1 of fore wing

— approximated with iMP: Behningia/fg3 (1), Cheirogenesia (1)

— approximated with MA2: Discoglossata (5)

— closely approximated with MA2: Geminovenata (3)

[2.2.48] iMP of fore wing

— approximated with MP1: Behningia/fg3 (1), Cheirogenesia (1)

— beginning from wing base: Caenoptera (2)

— arises from CuA forming secondary triad: Tricorythopsis (1)

[2.2.49] MP2 of fore wing

— not connected with MP1, begins from wing base: Caenoptera (2)

— not connected with MP1, begins near wing base: Posteritorna (9)

— not connected with MP1, begins far from wing base: Tetramerotarsata (9), Tricorythopsis (1)

— in proximal part curved and divergent from MP1: Fimbriatotergaliae (not all) (5), Baba (2)

— approximated with CuA: Discoglossata (5), Behningia/fg3 (1), †Hexagenites/fg1 (2)

— closely approximated with CuA1: Geminovenata (3)

Cubital veins of fore wing [2.2.50–53]

[2.2.50] CuA of fore wing

— convex: Panephemeroptera (3), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

— approximated with MP2: Discoglossata (5), Behningia/fg3 (1)

— closely approximated with MP2: Geminovenata (3)

— in proximal part curved and divergent from MP1: Fimbriatotergaliae (not all) (5), †Baba ()

— short: Coryphorus (), †Litophlebia ()

— supplied by trachea from MP: Ephemerella/fg1 (6)

— supplied by trachea from behind: Campsurus/fg1 (5)

— with bifurcation or posterior branches – see [2.2.51]

[2.2.51] Cubital field of fore wing

— without veins going to wing margin: †Misthodotes/fg (in †Permoplectoptera), Posteritorna (1), part of Anteritorna (1) {Coryphorus (), †Litophlebia ()}

— bordered by basitornal margin: Anteritorna (1)

— with several veins going from CuA to basitornal margin: Anteritorna (not all) (1) {Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Dipteromimus (2), Ameletus/fg2, Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Vetulata (P), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (P), Rallidens (P), Coloburiscus/fg1 (P), Isonychia/fg1 (P), Potamanthus/fg1 (6), Euthyplocia/fg2 (P), Proboscidoplocia (P), Exeuthyplocia/fg1 (P), Ichthybotus (P), Ephemera/fg9 (P), Pentagenia (P), Caenotergaliae (not all) (9) {Neoephemera/fg1 (not all) (P)}, Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (15), †Baba (P), †"Cronicus" (P), †"Stackelbergisca" (P), †"Balticophlebia" (P), †"Baltameletus" (P), †"Olgisca" (P), †"Proameletus" (P)}

— with triad or strong vein "CuA2": †Protereisma/fg (in †Permoplectoptera), †Palingeniopsis (in †Permoplectoptera), part of Anteritorna (1) {Geminovenata (3), Behningia/fg2 (3), Anagenesia/g2 (1), Plethogenesia/g1 (1), Cheirogenesia (2), †Hexagenites/fg1 (1)}

— with intercalaries – see also [2.2.52]

— with intercalaries going to tornoapical margin and veins going from them to basitornal margin: Campylocia (1), Polyplocia (1), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (not all) (5) {Eopolymitarcys (1)}, †"Siphlurites" (1)

— with first vein arising from CuP bifurcate (x1, x2): [Classifications of Furcatergaliae I] (5), Potamanthus/fg1 (6), Caenotergaliae (9), Ephemerella/fg1 (15)

— with 3 bifurcate veins (x, y, z) arising from CuP: Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (15) {Vietnamella (P)}

— with 2 bifurcate veins (x, y) arising from CuP: Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (15) {Ephemerella/fg2 (not all) (P), Austremerella (P)}

— with 1 bifurcate vein (x) arising from CuP: [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIa] (2), part of Caenotergaliae (9) {part of Neoephemera/fg1 (P), Caenoptera (10)}, part of Ephemerella/fg1 (15) {Tricoryptera (1)}

— with vein (x) symmetrically arising from CuP: Afrotricorythi (1)

— with 2 intercalaries going to tornoapical margin: Polyplocia (1), Asthenopus/fg1 (P)

— with 2 intercalaries going to basitornal margin: Campsurus/fg2 (1)

~- with 2 intercalaries free basally: part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (7) {part of Hermanellandria (P)}

~- with 2 intercalaries, anterior arise from CuA: part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (7) {part of Hermanellandria (P)} 

~- with 2 intercalaries, anterior arise from CuP: part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (7) {Hagenulus/fg2 ()}

— with vein forming several triads: †Hexagenites/fg1 (1)

[2.2.52] Number of intercalaries in cubital field

— variable: part of Metreletus (1), Metretopus/fg1 (5), part of Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Behningia/fg1 (6) Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (5)

— 1: part of Metretopus/fg1 (5) {Metreplecton (4)}, part of Tetramerotarsata (10), part of Behningia/fg1 (6), Campylocia (1), part of Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (5) {Eopolymitarcys (1)}, †"Siphlurites" (1)

— 2 (1 pair) or 1 bifurcate vein: part of Anteritorna (1) {part of Metretopus/fg1 (5) {Metretopus/fg2 (4)}, Tetramerotarsata (not all) (10), part of Heptagennota (5), part of Behningia/fg1 (6), Polyplocia (1), part of Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (5) {Campsurus/fg1 (5) {Asthenopus/fg1 (P), Campsurus/fg2 (1)}}, part of Caenotergaliae (9) {part of Neoephemera/fg1 (P), Caenoptera (10)}, part of Ephemerella/fg1 (15) {Tricoryptera (1)}, Leptophlebia/fg1 (not all) (7), †"Xenophlebia" (1)}

— 4 (2 pairs), posterior pair longest: part of Anteritorna (1) {part of Metretopus/fg1 (5) {Siphloplecton (4)}, Heptagennota (not all) (5), †"Electrogenia" (1)}

— more than 2, anterior pair longest: Ametropus (8), part of Behningia/fg1 (6), part of Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (5) {Polymitarcys/f3=Ephoron/g4 (1)}, part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (7) {Choroterpes/fg2 (1), Sangpradubina (7)}

[2.2.53] CuP of fore wing

— concave: Panephemeroptera (3), †Syntonoptera/fg1 (1)

— sharply divergent or separated from CuA: Tetramerotarsata (5), Leptophlebia/fg1 (6)

— independent from CuA: Posteritorna (9), Tetramerotarsata (5), Caenoptera (10), part of Ephemerella/fg1 (6) {Tricoryptera (1)}, Leptophlebia/fg1 (6)

— connected with CuA and AA by constant crossveins: Ephemerella/fg1 (6) {Tricoryptera (1)}

— seems arising from AA: Caenoptera (10), part of Ephemerella/fg1 (6) {Tricoryptera (1)}

— strongly arched: Leptohyphes/fg1 (P)

— terminates distad of tornus: Posteritorna (1)

— terminates close to tornus: Ametropus (7)

— terminates proximad of tornus: Anteritorna (1)

Vein AA of fore wing [2.2.54]

[2.2.54] AA of fore wing

— on common stem with AP: Epeorus/fg1 (3)

— with vein arising from base: Campsurus/fg1 (5)

— with veins arising posteriorly: Ephemera/fg9 (6)

— with bifurcation: Potamanthus/fg1 (1)

— terminates distad of tornus: Posteritorna (1)

— terminates close to tornus: Ametropus (7)

Additional intercalaries of fore wing [2.2.55–56]

[2.2.55] Marginal intercalaries

— absent: Siphlaenigma (P), [Classifications of Furcatergaliae IIa] (5), Caenoptera (11), Tricorygnatha (7), Dicercomyzon (7), part of Machadorythus (6), Leptohyphes/fg1 (5)

— connected: Vietnamella (6)

— free: Liberevenata (2), Ephemerella/fg2 (3), Austremerella (4), Melanemerella/f1=Teloganodes/g1 (2), Ephemerythus (3), Machadorythus (not all) (6)

— 1 in each space: Liberevenata (not all) (2) {†Palaeocloeon (P), pm.Protopatellata (P) {Anafroptilum (6), Indocloeon (P), Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (P), Dabulamanzia (P), Potamocloeon (P), Crassabwa/g1 (P), Monocentroptilum (P), Dicentroptilum (P), Centroptiloides/g2 (P), Afroptilum/f2=g1 (P) ..}, Cloeon/fg1 (P), Centroptilum (), Baetopus/fg1 (P), Cheleocloeon (P), Afrobaetodes (P), part of Baetovectata (1) {part of Callibaetis/fg1 (VAR), part of Cloeodes/g1 (VAR)}

— 2 in each space: part of Liberevenata (2) {Baetovectata (not all) (1) {Callibaetis/fg1 (not all) (VAR), Cloeodes/g1 (not all) (VAR)}, Ephemerythus (3)

[2.2.56] Other additional intercalaries

— border longitudinal veins: ♂ Prosopistoma/f1=g2 ()

Crossveins of fore wing [2.2.58]

[2.2.57] Crossveins

— absent: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (), Homoeoneuria/g2 (4)

— constant cua-cup and cup-aa: Ephemerella/fg1 (6), †Siphlonephemerella/fg1 ()]

Coloration of fore wing [2.2.58]

[2.2.58] Coloration of fore wing

— close to anterior margin, more developed in female: Cloeon/fg2 (not all) (), Callibaetis/fg3 (2)

Hind wing
 Hind wing [2.2.59–62], veins [2.2.63–72]

[2.2.59] Hind wing

— not exceeds 1/2 of fore wing: Euplectoptera (1)

— normally developed: Posteritorna (P), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (9), Siphlaenigma (P), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Vetulata (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (P), Rallidens (3), Branchitergaliae (P), Potamanthus/fg1 (P), Euthyplocia/fg1 (not all) (P), Fossoriae (P), Neoephemera/fg1 (P), Ephemerella/fg2 (P), Vietnamella (4), Austremerella (P), Melanemerella/fg1 (P), Leptophlebia/fg1 (not all) (VAR) {Leptophlebia/fg3 (P)}

— diminished (2 longitudinal veins behind triad MP): Bleptus (2)

— diminished (veins RS, MA, MP without furcations): Dipteromimus (2)

— diminished (veins behind MP1 absent): Turbanoculata (not all) (10), Teloganodes/f1=g3 (4), Tricoryptera (not all) (2) {Ephemerythus (not all) (4), Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2)}

— diminished, with 2nd vein (probably RA+MA) bifurcate («Nigrobaetis-type»): Turbanoculata (not all) (10) {Ρentroptiloides/g2 (1), Nigrobaetis/fg1 (), ?Deceptiviosa (), Edmundsiops ()} 

— in a form of vestige without veins: part of Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (4) {Mutelocloeon ()} 

— present in both sexes: Ephemerythus (not all) (4), Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2) {Leptohyphes/fg2 (not all) (P), Haplohyphes (P)}

— present in male, absent in female (among all Ephemeroptera): part of Turbanoculata (10) {part of Cheleocloeon (), part of Afrobaetodes ()}, part of Ephemerythus (4), part of Leptohyphes/fg1 (2) {part of Leptohyphes/fg2 (P), Allenhyphes (P), Vacupernius (P), Yaurina (P), Traverhyphes (P)}

— absent in both sexes (among all Ephemeroptera): part of Turbanoculata (10) {Potamocloeon (), Demoulinia (10), Indocloeon (8), part of Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (4) {Rhithrocloeon/g3 (3), Adnoptilum (2)}, part of Anafroptilum, Neocloeon (), part of Cloeon/fg1 {Cloeon/fg2 (), Similicloeon (), part of Procloeon/g2 (VAR), {part of Psammonella, part of Securiops (VAR), Monilistylus (5)}, part of Cheleocloeon (VAR), part of Afrobaetodes (), Baetiella/g1 (), part of Acentrella/fg1 (7) {Jubabaetis/g1 (3)}, part of Tenuibaetis (), part of Camelobaetidius/g1 (), part of Labiobaetis/f2=g1 (5), Pseudopannota/g2 (VAR), Americabaetis (), Indobaetis (), part of Nigrobaetis/g1 () {part of Margobaetis (3), Procerobaetis (5), Arcobaetis (3)}, Baetodes/g1 (), part of Cloeodes/g1 (VAR), part of Paracloeodes/g2 (), Apobaetis (), Varipes (), Waltzoyphius ()}, Caenoptera (9), part of Tricoryptera (2) {Tricorygnatha (9), Dicercomyzon (8), Machadorythus (7), part of Leptohyphes/fg1 (2) {Tricorythodes (4), Tricorythopsis (6), Epiphrades ()}, Coryphorus (), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Dipterophlebiodes (1), Askola (), Bessierus (), Chiusanophlebia (), part of Fulleta/g1 (), Hagenulodes (), Hagenulopsis/g1 (), Isca/fg1 (6), Nathanella (), Kilariodes () ...}

— without intercalaries: Geminovenata (3)

— with costal margin blackish: Simothraulopsis/g1 (1)

[2.2.60] Shape of hind wing

— roundish: Baetisca/f2=g1 (2), Vietnamella (4)

— narrow: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (1), Turbanoculata (not all) (10), Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2)

[2.2.61] Costal field of hind wing (length – see [2.2.63])

— with convexity distad of costal process: Acerpenna (), Camelobaetidius ()

— distad of costal projection narrowed or absent: Habrophlebiodes (2), Calliarcys (2), Habrophlebia/fg1 (4)

[2.2.62] Costal projection of hind wing

— not corresponding to larval hind protopteron: Tricoryptera (not all) (2) {Ephemerythus (4), Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2)}

— absent: part of Turbanoculata (10) {Acentrella/fg1 (not all) (7), Labiobaetis/f2=g1 (not all) (5)}, Vietnamella (4), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Leptophlebia/fg3 (P)}

— proximally: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 (1), Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2)

— near middle: Teloganopsis (1), Hyrtanella/f2=Crinitella/g1 (3), Teloganodes/f1=g3 (not all) (), Ephemerythus (4), "Manohyphella", part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Habrophlebiodes/g1 (not all) (1), Calliarcys (2), Habrophlebia/fg1 (4), Hagenulus/fg1 (not all) (2), Choroterpes/fg1 (3), Indialis/g1 () ... }

— with thickened crossvein: Campsurus/fg1 (5)

— pointed, not hooked (of «Baetis-type»):  Nigrobaetis/fg1 (), ?Deceptiviosa (), Edmundsiops (), Baetis/fg10 (?)

— large in relation to diminished wing: Callibaetoides (1)

— curved proximally: Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2)

— curved distally (of «Centroptilum-type»): Turbanoculata (not all) (10) {Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (not all) (4) {Thraulobaetodes (8), Bugilliesia (3)}, Anafroptilum (not all) (16), Crassabwa/g1 (17), Monocentroptilum (3), Dabulamanzia, Rheoptilum, Nesoptiloides, Guloptiloides, Cloeon/fg1 (not all) () {Pseudocentroptilum (), Procloeon/g3 (not all) (), Pseudocentroptiloides/g1 (not all) (VAR)}, Centroptilum/g(1), Baetopus/fg1 (), Cheleocloeon (not all) (P), Afrobaetodes (not all) (), Fallceon (), Caribaetis ()} 

— two-pointed («Afroptilum-type»): Afroptiloides/g1 (), Afroptilum, Dicentroptilum, Xyrodromeus, Afroptiloides, Platycloeon, Micksiops, Centroptiloides, Herbrossus, Peuhlella

— 2 costal projections: Centroptiloides/g2 (1)

Veins of hind wing [2.2.63–72]

[2.2.63] Sc of hind wing

— terminates at apex of fore margin: Ephemerella/fg2 (not all) (P) {Timpanoga/fg1 (P), Ephemerella/fg4 (P), Torleya/g1 (P), Uracanthella (P), Amurella (P)}, Vietnamella (4), Austremerella (P), Melanemerella/fg1 (P), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Leptophlebia/fg3 (P), ....}

— terminates at middle of fore margin: Teloganopsis (1), Hyrtanella/f2=Crinitella/g1 (3), Teloganodes/f1=g3 (not all) (4), Tricoryptera (not all) (2) {Ephemerythus (not all) (4)}, part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Habrophlebiodes/g1 (not all) (1), Hagenulus/g1 (2), Miroculis/g1 ()}

— terminates at proximal part of fore margin: Tricoryptera (not all) (2) {Leptohyphes/fg1 (not all) (2)}

— apically connected with constant cross-vein: Teloganopsis (1), Ephemerythus (not all) (4)

— absent: part of Leptohyphes/fg1 (2)

[2.2.64] RA of hind wing

— curved proximally: part of Rhoenanthus/g1 (VAR)

[2.2.65] Between RA and RS of hind wing

— additional vein: Polymitarcys/f2=Ephoron/g3 (4)

[2.2.66] RS of hind wing

— on common stem with RA: †Protephemeroidea (1), Euplectoptera (1)

— on common stem with MA: Euephemeroptera (2) {Euplectoptera (1)}

— concave: Panephemeroptera (3)

— with 1 bifurcation: Euplectoptera (not all) (1) {Vietnamella (4), Austremerella (P), Melanemerella/f1 ()}

— without bifurcation: Dipteromimus (2), Turbanoculata (10)

[2.2.67] MA of hind wing

— convex: Panephemeroptera (3)

— on common stem with RA: Euplectoptera (1)

— with bifurcation: Euephemeroptera (not all) (4) {Chromarcys (VAR), Branchitergaliae (not all) (P)}

— without bifurcation: †Protephemeroidea (3), Posteritorna (10), Turbanoculata (10), Ametropus (9), part of Chromarcys (not all) (VAR), Geminovenata (3), Arthroplea (5), part of Cinygma (VAR), Furcatergaliae (4), †"Cretoneta" (1), †Siphlonephemerella/fg(1) (4)

— approximated with RSp and MP1: Geminovenata (3)

[2.2.68] MP of hind wing

— concave: Panephemeroptera (3)

— bifurcate – see [2.2.69] and [2.2.70]

[2.2.69] Bifurcation of MP of hind wing

— not transferred distally: Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), Siphlonisca (P), Oniscigaster/fg2 (P), Coloburiscus/fg2 (P)

— transferred distally: Tasmanophlebia/g1 (1), Rallidens (3), Coloburiscoides (1), Isonychia/fg1 (7), †"Cronicus" (not all) ()

— absent: Parameletus/fg2 (2), Turbanoculata (10), part of Campsurus/fg1 (5), Vietnamella (4), Teloganodes/f1=g3 (), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Hermanellonota (4), ?Hagenulus/fg2 (), }, †"Cronicus" (not all) (1), †"Cretoneta" (1)

[2.2.70] MP2 of hind wing

— arises from CuA: part of Fimbriatotergaliae (5)

— intercalary: Ametropus (9), Campsurus/fg1 (not all) (5)

— absent – see [2.2.69]

[2.2.71] CuA of hind wing

— convex: Panephemeroptera (3)

— forms triad: part of Vietnamella (4)

— absent: Turbanoculata (10), Teloganodes/f1=g3 ()

[2.2.72] Crossveins of hind wing

— absent: Prosopistoma/f1=g2 ()

— constant sc-ra: Teloganopsis (1)

Legs of subimago & imago
Fore leg [2.2.73–79], both middle and hind legs [2.2.80–85], middle leg [2.2.86], hind leg [2.2.87]

Fore legs of subimago & imago
In both sexes [2.2.73], in male [2.2.74–77], in female [2.2.78–79]

[2.2.73] Fore leg

— with gill: Siphluriscus (1), Isonychia/fg1 (12)

— shortened: Discoglossata (7)

Fore legs of male subimago & imago [2.2.74–77]

[2.2.74] Fore leg of male

— shortened: Prosopistoma/f2=g3 (), Discoglossata (7), Palingenia/f2=g1 (7) {Palingenia/f3=g2 (3) {Anagenesia/g1 (2)}}, Tricorygnatha (11), Dicercomyzon (9)

[2.2.75] Tarsus of male fore leg

— 5-segmented: Tetramerotarsata (1)

— 4-segmented: Tricorygnatha (11)

— non-segmented: Behningia/fg1 (8)

— conic in subimago: Palingenia/f3=g2 (3)

— conic in subimago and imago: Anagenesia/g1 (2)

— with oblique segments: Dicercomyzon (6)

— in subimago with microtrichiae: 

— in subimago with pointed microlepides: Siphlaenigma (4), Protopatellata (P) {Indocloeon (11), Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (5), Anafroptilum () ...}, Cloeon/fg1 (), Centroptilum??, Baetopus/g1??, Cheleocloeon (), Afrobaetodes (), Nousia/g1 ()

— in subimago with blunt microlepides: Baetungulata (4)

[2.2.76] 1st tarsal segment of male fore leg

— non-shortened: Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P) Ameletus/fg1 (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (3), Ametropus (P), Siphlaenigma (P), Isonychia/fg1 (P), part of Kageronia (VAR), part of Stenonema/g1 (VAR), part of Ecdyonurus/fg2 (VAR), Epeiron (2), Himalogena (1), Epeorus/fg1 (4)

— strongly shortened: Liberevenata (3), Coloburiscus/ fg1 (7), part of Kageronia (VAR), Heptagenia/f8=g7 (3), Dacnogenia (4), part of Stenonema/g1 (VAR), part of Ecdyonurus/fg2 (VAR), Afghanurus/g1 (2), Raptoheptagenia (6), Rhithrogena/fg4 (1), Sibirigena (1), Furcatergaliae (not all) (2)

— fused with 2nd: Tricorygnatha (11)

[2.2.77] Claws of male fore leg (among all Ephemeroptera)

— ephemeropteroid in imago and subimago, as on middle and hind legs – see [2.2.85]

— pointed in imago and subimago, as on middle and hind legs – see [2.2.85]

— intermediate between ephemeropteroid and pointed, as on middle and hind legs – see [2.2.85]  

— blunt in imago, ephemeropteroid in subimago: part of Heptagennota (VAR), part of Potamanthus/fg1 (VAR), Euthyplocia/fg1 (not all) (10), Ephemera/fg9 (5), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (not all) (6) {Polymitarcys/f2=Ephoron/g3 (P)}, Leucorhoenanthus (2), Pulchephemera (), Potamanthellus (3), part of Ephemerella/fg1 (P) {Teloganodes/f1=g3 (10), Teloganella (5), Tricorygnatha (not all) (11), Machadorythus (8), Leptohyphes/fg1 (7)}

— blunt in imago, pointed in subimago: Isonychia/fg1 (11), part of Euthyplocia/fg1 (10) {Polyplocia (2)}

— blunt in imago and subimago: Baetisca/f3=g2 (5), Acanthametropus/fg2 (6), Ametropus (4), Discoglossata (9), Palingenia/f2=g1 (7), Campsurus/fg1 (8), Caenoptera (16), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR)

— single blunt: Prosopistoma/f2=g3 (), Behningia/fg1 (8) 

Fore legs of female subimago & imago [2.2.78–79]

[2.2.78.1] Tibia of female fore leg

— with vestige of patella-tibial suture: Anteropatellata (not all) (1)

— without vestige of patella-tibial suture: Protopatellata (P) {Indocloeon (P), Dabulamanzia (P), Monocentroptilum (), Crassabwa/g1 (), }, part of Anteropatellata (1) {Moribaetis (), Centroptella (1), Waynokiops (6), (VAR)}

[2.2.78.2] Tarsus of female fore leg

— 5-segmented (unlike middle and hind): part of Tetramerotarsata (1)  Liberevenata (3)

— 4-segmented (as middle and hind): part of Tetramerotarsata (1) {Siphlaenigma (1), Baetodes/fg1 (2)}, Tricorygnatha (11), Machadorythus (2)

— non-segmented: Anagenesia/g1 (2)

— with 3 apical spines: on segment 2, 3, 4: Acentrella/fg1 (not all) (10) {pm.Acentrella/fg2 (4)}

— with 2 apical spines: on segment 2, 3: part of Acentrella/fg1 (10) {Jubabaetis/g1 (2)}

— with 1 apical spines: on segment 3: Indocloeon (1), 

— in subimago with microtrichiae: 

— in subimago with pointed microlepides: Siphlaenigma (4), Protopatellata (P) {Indocloeon (11), Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (5), Anafroptilum () ...}, Cloeon/fg1 (), Centroptilum??, Baetopus/g1??, Cheleocloeon (), Afrobaetodes (), Nousia/g1 ()

— in subimago with blunt microlepides: Baetofemorata (2)

[2.2.79] Claws of fore leg of female (unlike middle and hind leg)

— blunt in imago and subimago: Ametropus (4), Palingenia/f3=g2 (not all) (4)

— blunt single: Palingenia/f3=g2 (not all) (4)

— intermediate between ephemeropteroid and pointed: Coula (), Fasciamurus (), Kouma ()

Both middle and hind legs of subimago & imago [2.2.80–85]

[2.2.80] Middle and hind legs (see also [2.2.86–87])

— non-functional at least in imago (among all Ephemeroptera): Prosopistoma/f2=g3 (), Geminovenata (2), Exeuthyplocia/fg1 (1), Behningia/fg1 (3), Palingenia/f3=g2 (1), Polymitarcys/f1=Ephoron/g2 (3)

— consist of coxa and trochanter only: Campsurus/fg3 (1)

[2.2.81] Coxa of middle and hind leg:

— elongate, with narrow base: Homoeoneuria/g1 (2)

[2.2.82] Tibia of middle and hind leg

— shorter than tarsomere 1: Acanthametropus/fg1 (3)

— with vestige of patella-tibial suture: Posteritorna (not all) (11), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Dipteromimus (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Siphlaenigma (P), †Palaeocloeon (P), Protopatellata (not all) (P) {Anafroptilum (), Indocloeon (P) ........}, Anteropatellata (not all) (1), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Vetulata (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (P), Rallidens (P), Coloburiscus/fg1 (P), Isonychia/fg1 (P), Arthroplea (P), Heptagenia/f5=g4 (P), Cinygma (P), Paegniodes (P), Cinygmula (P), Epeorus/fg1 (not all) (8), Potamanthus/fg1 (P), Ichthybotus (P), Ephemera/fg9 (P), Palingenia/f2=g1 (P), Polymitarcys/f2=Ephoron/g3 (P), Leucorhoenanthus (P), Pulchephemera (P), Potamanthellus (P), Ephemerella/fg1 (not all) (VAR), Leptophlebia/fg1 (not all) (VAR) {Leptophlebia/fg2 (P), Calliarcys (P), Habrophlebia/fg1 (non larva!) (3), Terpides/fg1 (16), Castanophlebia (P), Choroterpes/fg1 (non larva) (2), Atalomicria (), Isca/g1 (non larva) (), Ghatula (P), Ceylonula (P), only winged stages of Atalophlebia/fg* (), ?Hapsiphlebia (), Jappa/g1 (), Massartella (), ?Massartellopsis (), Meridialaris (P), Nousia (), Penaphlebia ()}

— without vestige of patella-tibial suture: Discoglossata (8), Pseudiron (2), part of Epeorus/fg1 (8), part of Euthyplocia/fg1 (VAR), Ochernova (1), Caenoptera (17), part of Ephemerella/fg1 (VAR), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Hagenulus/fg1 (1), Nathanella (), Petersula/g2 (), Kimminsula/g3 (), Hubbardula (), Adenophlebia (), Kirrara (), Maheathraulus ()}

— with vestige of patella-tibial suture on hind leg only: part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR)

[2.2.83] Tarsus of middle and hind leg

— segmentation non-expressed: Geminovenata (2), part of Homoeoneuria/g1 (4), part of Furcatergaliae (2) {Behningia/fg1 (3), Campsurus/fg1 (9), Anagenesia/g1 (2)}

— 2-segmented: Prosopistoma/f2=g3 (2), Homoeoneuria/g1 (not all) (4), part of Furcatergaliae (2) { Behningia/fg1 (3)}

— 3-segmented: †Proximicorneus (2), Oligoneuriella/g1 (2), Elassoneuria/g2 (1)

— 4-segmented: Tetramerotarsata (1), Madeconeuria (P), Oligoneuria/f4=g5 (P), Fittkauneuria (P), part of Furcatergaliae (2) {Tricorygnatha (11), Machadorythus (2), Tricorythopsis (2)}

— with 3 apical spines: on segment 2, 3, 4: Acentrella/fg1 (not all) (10) {pm.Acentrella/fg2 (4)}

— with 2 apical spines: on segment 2, 3: part of Acentrella/fg1 (10) {Platybaetis (4)}

— with 1 apical spines: on segment 3: Indocloeon (1), 

— in subimago with microtrichiae: 

— in subimago with pointed microlepides: Siphlaenigma (4), Protopatellata (P) {Indocloeon (11), Rhithrocloeon/fg1 (5), Anafroptilum?? ...}, Cloeon/fg1 (), Centroptilum??, Baetopus/g1??, Cheleocloeon (), Afrobaetodes (), Nousia/g1 ()

— in subimago with blunt microlepides: Baetofemorata (2)

[2.2.84] 1st tarsal segment of middle and hind leg (among all Ephemeroptera)

— fused with 2nd tarsal segment: part of Furcatergaliae (2) {Tricorygnatha (11), Machadorythus (2)}

— fused with tibia and non-shortened: Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), Siphlonurus/fg1 (P), Dipteromimus (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Tetramerotarsata (1), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (P), Vetulata (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (6), Rallidens (P), Eusetisura (P), Pseudiron (P), Machadorythus (2), †"Cretoneta" (P), †Siphlonephemerella/fg(1) (4)

— fused with tibia and shortened: Furcatergaliae (not all) (2) {Euthyplocia/fg1 (not all) (VAR), Neoephemera/fg1 (not all) (P), Leptohyphes/fg2 (P), Allenhyphes (P)}

— secondarily elongate: part of Furcatergaliae (2) {part of Euthyplocia/fg1 (VAR), Caenoptera (13)}

— secondarily separated from tibia: Pentamerotarsata (3), part of Furcatergaliae (2) {part of Euthyplocia/fg1 (VAR), part of Neoephemera/fg1 (P), Caenoptera (13), Tricorygnatha (11), Tricorythodes (5), Tricorythopsis (7), Isca/fg1 (8)}

[2.2.85] Claws (among all Ephemeroptera; for different fore legs of male see [2.2.77])

— ephemeropteroid: Baetisca/f2=g1 (P), †Proximicorneus (P), Ameletus/fg1 (P), Acanthametropus/fg1 (P), Metretopus/fg1 (P), Ametropus (P), Tetramerotarsata (1), Vetulata (P), Ameletopsis/fg1 (P), Rallidens (P), Coloburiscus/fg1 (P), Chromarcys (P), Heptagennota (not all) (VAR), Potamanthus/fg1 (P), Proboscidoplocia (P), Afroplocia (P), Ichthybotus (P), Ephemera/fg9 (P), Pentagenia (P), Palingenia/f4=g3 (P), Polymitarcys/f2=Ephoron/g3 (P), †"Palaeoanthus" (P), Caenotergaliae (P), Ephemerella/fg1 (P), Leptophlebia/fg1 (not all) (VAR) {Leptophlebia/fg2 (P), Calliarcys (P), Habrophlebia/fg1 (P), Castanophlebia (P), Hagenulus/fg1 (P), Choroterpes/fg1 (P), Fulleta (P), Hagenulodes (P), Maheathraulus (P), Petersophlebia (P), Polithealis??? (P), Radima (P), Isca/fg1 (P), Chiusanophlebia (P), Edmundsula (P), Indialis/g1 (P), Megaglena (P), Nonnullidens (P), Sulawesia (P), Sulu (P), Jappa/g1 (not all) (P), Kirrara (P), Austrophlebioides (P), Tillyardophlebia (P), Celiphlebia (P), Lepegenia (P), Notachalcus (P), Tenagophila (P), Tindea (P), part of Deleatidium/g1 (VAR), Amoa (P), Atalophlebioides (P), Austroclima (P), Cryophlebia (P), Mauiulus (P), Oumas (P), Ounia (P), Paraluma (P), Peloracantha (P), Poya (P), Simulacala (P), Demoulinellus (P), Meridialaris (P), Secochela (P)}, †Baba (P), †"Cronicus" (P), †"Electrogenia" (P), †"Balticophlebia" (P), †"Baltameletus" (P), †"Xenophlebia" (P), †"Cretoneta" (P)

— intermediate between ephemeropteroid and pointed: Atalophlebioides (), part of Jappa/g1 (P), part of Deleatidium/g2 (), Coula (), Fasciamurus (), Kouma ()

— pointed: Siphlonurus/fg1 (4), Dipteromimus (4), Nesameletus/f1=Metamonius/g1 (8), Isonychia/fg1 (6), part of Heptagennota (VAR) {part of Cinygmula (VAR), part of Himalogena (VAR), part of Caucasiron (VAR)}, Euthyplocia/fg2 (1), Campylocia (2), Polyplocia (2), part of Leptophlebia/fg1 (VAR) {Terpides/g1 (5), Acanthophlebia (), Adenophlebia (), Adenophlebiodes (), Aprionyx (), Arachnocolus (), Dactylophlebia (), Atalomicria (), Atalophlebia/fg* (), Australonousia (), Austronella (), Bibulmena (), Coula (), part of Deleatidium/g1 (VAR), Fasciamurus (), Garinjuga (), Hapsiphlebia/g1 (), Isothraulus (), Kalbaybaria (), Kariona (), Kimminsula/g1 (), Koorrnonga (), Kouma (), Massartella (), Massartellopsis (), Nathanella (), Neozephlebia (), Nesophlebia (), Nousia (), Nyungara (), Penaphlebia/g1 (), Tepakia (), Zephlebia ()}, †Siphlonephemerella/fg(1) (3)

— pointed without flange: Atalomicria ()

— blunt: Geminovenata (2), Exeuthyplocia/fg2 (2), Anagenesia/g1 (2)

— blunt single: Prosopistoma/f2=g3 (), Behningia/fg1 (3), Anagenesia/g1 (2), Chankagenesia (1), Anagenesia/g2 (2)

— vestigial or absent: Geminovenata (2), Behningia/fg1 (3), Campsurus/fg1 (9)

Middle legs of subimago & imago [2.2.86]
(see also [2.2.80–85])

[2.2.86] Middle leg (see also [2.2.80–85])

— elongate: Discoglossata (7)

— with remainder of gill: Siphluriscus (1)

Hind legs of subimago & imago [2.2.87]
(see also [2.2.80–85])

[2.2.87] Hind leg (see also [2.2.80–85])

— vestigial: Exeuthyplocia/fg2 (1)

— in male specialized: Homoeoneuria/g2 (5)