CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

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Autapomorphies of Oculogaster.

(1) Viviparous. Non-unique apomorphy, the same in Cloeon/fg2, Callibaetis/fg1 and some other mayflies, but not in other Procloeon/g1. Eggs in female abdomen without stout chorion; when embryos are developed inside female abdomen, their eyes and ocelli are visible through imaginal integument as numerous small black spots (Kluge 2016: Fig.38–42, 76–79).

(2) Pterostigma normally either with one cross vein only (Kluge 2016: Fig.32, 40, 67, 74, 76–77), or with 2 cross veins (Kluge 2020: Fig.104) (on individual wings this number varies from 1 to 3) (Kluge 2020: Fig.40–41).

Peculiar character of Oculogaster of unclear phylogenetic status.

(3) Larval femur with two apical spine-like setae (Kluge 2020: Fig.17, 81, 110). The same in many other taxa of Turbanoculata, but not in other Procloeon/g1 and not in other Cloeon/fg1.

Other characters of Oculogaster of unclear phylogenetic status.

Larvae of all Oculogaster have a similar structure of the labium, with a pair of submedian setae distinguishable among other setae of dorsal surface (Kluge 2020: Fig.50, 113). 

Mandibles of the «Baetis-type» (Kluge 2020:438-464: table 1 and p. 578), i.e. with incisor and kinetodontium fused, left prostheca wide, and all denticles of incisor, kinetodontium,
prostheca and mola visible in one view (Kluge 2020: Fig.51–52, 114–115). 

All species of Oculogaster lack hind wings, and larvae have no vestiges of hind protoptera (Müller-Liebenau & Hubbard 1985: Fig. 9h).