CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

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Autapomorphies of Pseudocentroptiloides/g1.

(1) Labrum with anterior margin V-shaped; long setae of dorsal side form pair of sparse oblique rows parallel to V-shaped anterior margin [instead of submedial pair and pair of sublateral rows – see Turbanoculata (4)].

(2) Maxilla is shortened, with blunt apex; apical side laterad of canines is convex and bears a regular transverse row of setae bent to the same direction as canines. Canines are blunt; either all three canines are separated (in plesiomorphon Pseudocentroptiloides/g1), or fused together [in Psammonella (1)].

(3) Labium is enlarged, much longer than other mouth parts; glossae are obtuse, much shorter than paraglossae; paraglosa is elongated and parallel-sided, with irregularly situated setae concentrated on its apices, without regular longitudinal setal rows (in contrast to other Procloeon/g1, which have regular longitudinal medio-dorsal, medio-ventral and lateral rows – see (Kluge 2016: 137–138 and Figs 4–5; Kluge 2016: Figs 47–48). 

(4) 3^rd segment of labial palp [truncate – see Cloeon/fg1 (2)] is greatly widened distally. The same in Securiops.

Characters of Pseudocentroptiloides/g1 of unclear phylogenetic status. 

(5) Mandibles of «Centroptilum-type»: kinetodontium is separated from incisor (but immovable) and rotated perpendicular to the plane of mandible, so that its denticles hide one another in dorsal or ventral view; left prostheca is bifurcate and rotated in the same manner (see Index of characters [1.1.22], [1.1.24]). Among Procloeon/g1, the same in Securiops, Monilistylus and some Procloeon/g2 – particularly, in macronyx [Cloeon].

(6) Larval claws long, without denticles. The same in Securiops and some Procloeon/g2 – particularly, macronyx [Cloeon]; probably, synapomorphy.

Plesiomorphies of Pseudocentroptiloides/g1. Unlike Oculogaster, pterostigma with several crossveins; eggs with normally developed chorion.

Variable characters of Pseudocentroptiloides/g1. Hind wings [of the «Centroptilum-type» – see Cloeon/fg1 (9)] are either present, or absent (see Index of characters [2.2.59]).