CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

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Plesiomorphies of Pentagenia. On outer margin of mandibular tusk each denticle terminates by a spine-like seta [see Palingenia/f2=g1 (2)]. Larval outer margin of fore tibia without denticles, with spine-like setae [see Palingenia/f2=g1 (5)] (Kluge 2004: Fig.74:D–E). Vestige of tergalius I [see Cryptoprosternata (6)] is bilamellate (unlike Anagenesia/g1). 

Unlike Palingenia/f3=g2, egg is not lens-like, its form is irregular with convexity.

Unlike other Cryptoprosternata, imago and subimago are not short-living: mesonotal suture is moderately stretched posteriorly, and subimaginal mesonotum has pigmented areas of characteristic shape [see Fimbriatotergaliae (2)] (Kluge 2004: Fig.74:A); imaginal and subimaginal legs are normally developed, claws are ephemeropteroid [except for male fore legs – see Palingenia/f2=g1 (7)]; wing structure is similar to that of Ephemera/fg9, without vein gemination; in cubital field of fore wing several (3–6) branched or simple veins go from CuA to basitornal margin [see Anteritorna (1)] (unlike Palingenia/f3=g2). Gonostylus is 4-segmented: with distinct long 1^st segment and 2 distal segments (unlike some Palingenia/f3=g2, which have increased segment number). In female imago and subimago paracercus is subequal to cerci [while in male paracercus is vestigial – see Cryptoprosternata (5)].