CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

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(1) Labium with deep cleft between glossae (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.21).

(2) Larval body and legs have characteristic proportions, with thorax and legs shortened and abdomen elongated (Wang et al. 1995: Fig. 1; Selvakumar et al. 2014: Fig. 2). Femora greatly widened, femur of each leg pair of its own characteristic shape (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.13-15); femora with stout long blunt setae arranged in regular rows: dorsal side of fore femur crossed by very long oblique row, continued anteriorly along outer and inner margins [see Pantricorythi (1)]; dorsal side of middle femur with transverse row near base, continued along outer margin; dorsal side of hind femur without transverse row near base, with row along outer margin; middle and hind femora with row of long setae on inner margin. Tibia of each leg widened, widest in proximal part, with long setae on inner and outer margin; middle and hind tibia with patella-tibial suture terminating close to tibia apex. Abdominal segment II with long posterolateral projections bearing long, thin setae; segment III without posterolateral projections; segments IV–IX with long posterolateral projections bearing long, thick setae (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.1).

(3) Tergalii [with tergalii II operculate and without tergalii VII – see Melanemerella/f1=Teloganodes/g1 (1)] are modified as following (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.1-12) (see Table). Only tergalii II retain attachment to posterior margin of tergum, tergalii III–V attached at mid-length of tergum. Dorsal lobe of tergalius II (convex and forming gill operculum) crossed by incomplete oblique desclerotized stripe. Ventral lobe of tergalius II with costal branch bearing side processes turned toward middle; anal branch lacking side processes, enlarged, L-shaped, convex, partly pigmented. Dorsal lobe of each tergalius III–V concave, heart-shaped; dorsal lobe of tergalius III with longitudinal stripe separating two trachea-bearing areas [see Teloganodes/f1=g3 (1)]. Ventral lobe of each tergalius III and IV with both branches bearing side processes. Tergalius V without ventral lobe.

(4) Eyes of male are small as in female.

(5) In male imago both claws of fore leg are blunt (in subimago ephemeropteroid) (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.16) [on middle and hing legs of male and all legs of female claws are ephemeropteroid – see Plesiomorphies of Ephemerela/fg1; (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.17)]. Non-unique apomorphy (see Index of characters [2.2.77]).

Plesiomorphies of Teloganella (unlike Teloganodes/f1=g3). Maxilla retains 3 canines separated; both dentisetae non-pectinate; while biting edge is shortened, it bears more setae than in Teloganodes/f1=g3. Larval abdominal terga with paired projections [see Ephemerella/fg1 (19)]. Tergalii I [stick-like – see Ephemerella/fg1 (13)] are retained (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.1). On subimaginal and imaginal mesoscutum lateroparapsidal suture is curved laterally (Kluge & al. 2015: Fig.18) [see Ephemerella/fg1 (10)]. Larval, subimaginal and imaginal paracercus is not reduced, subequal to cerci.