CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA |
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Thraulus/fg1
(Panephemeroptera
Euephemeroptera
Euplectoptera
Anteritorna
Bidentiseta
Furcatergaliae
Leptophlebia/fg1
Atalophleboadentata
Atalophlebopectinata
Atalophleboculata
Atalophlebomaxillata
Atalophlebolinguata
... Choroterpes/fg1
- Thraulus/fg1)
Nomen hierarchicum: Thraulus/fg1 [g:1881]
In circumscription fits:
— gen. Thraulus: ??
Nominal taxon included: Masharikella/g [g:1964]
References. Peters & Edmunds 1970: * *; – Kang & Yang 1994: '.
Autapomorphies of Thraulus/fg1. () Egg surface with unique relief in a form of net made by convex ridges: several (10–?) sinuous ridges go from one pole to another, and neighbouring ridges are connected by cross-ridges in such a manner that cross-ridges located by two sides of each longitudinal ridge are regularly alternating (Kang & Yang 1994: Fig.13–16). ??in Thraulus femoratus ?? () Each of two lamellae of tergalius [see Leptophlebia/fg1 (10)] is wide, oval, with numerous long slender marginal processes. Tergalii II–VII always have such structure; tergalius I either has the same structure (in hsui [Thraulus], mariae [Thraulus]), or its dorsal lamella is slender without processes (in torrentis [Masharikella]), or its both lamellae are slender without processes (in bellus [Thraulus], fatuus [Thraulus], macilentus [Thraulus], umbrosus [Thraulus] ...?), or tergalius consists of a single slender lamella without processes (in femoratus [Thraulus]). Tergalii with similar marginal processes are found in some other taxa of Leptophlebia/fg1 (see Index of characters [1.3.23]). Characters of Thraulus/fg1 of unclear phylogenetic status. () Larval patella-tibial suture is lost on all legs, while in imago and subimago it is retained on middle and hind legs, being absent on fore legs only (the same in Choroterpes/g1 - see Index of characters [1.2.18], ibid. [2.2.82]). Plesiomorphies of Thraulus/fg1. Imaginal and subimaginal claws of all legs are ephemeropteroid (see Index of characters [2.2.85]). |
Size. Fore wing length 5–10 mm.
Distribution. Old World (Afrotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic Regions).
Nominal species in Thraulus/fg1:
amravati Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar (in Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan) 2022 [Thraulus]
bellus Eaton 1881 [Thraulus] — typus nominis Thraulus ,-,-,-
bishopi Peters & Tsui 1972 [Thraulus]
connubialis Grant 2024 [Thraulus]
cuspidatus Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar (in Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan) 2022 [Thraulus]
demoulini Peters & Tsui 1973 [Thraulus]
fasciatus Kimmins 1956 [Hagenulus] — typus nominis Masharikella
fatuus Kang & Yang 1994 [Thraulus]
femoratus Li & Liu & Zhou 2006 [Thraulus]
gopalani Grant & Sivaramakrishnan 1985 [Thraulus]
ishiwatai Grant 2024 [Thraulus]
jacobusi Isack & Srinivasan & Sivaruban & Barathy 2022 [Thraulus]
macilentus Kang & Yang 1994 [Thraulus]
maculatus Peters & Tsui 1972 [Thraulus] nom.praeocc. — syn.obj. demoulini [Thraulus]
madagasikarensis Grant 2024 [Thraulus]
malabarensis Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar (in Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan) 2022 [Thraulus]
mudumalaiensis Soman 1991 [Thraulus]
nihonensis Grant 2024 [Thraulus]
parentalis Grant 2024 [Thraulus]
petersorum Grant 2024 [Thraulus]
plumeus Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar (in Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan) 2022 [Thraulus]
semicastanea Gillies 1951 [Habrophlebiodes] ?
torrentis Gillies (in Peters & Gillies & Edmunds) 1964 [Masharikella]
turbinatus Ulmer 1909 [Hagenulus]
umbrosus Kang & Yang 1994 [Thraulus]
vellimalaiensis Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar (in Vasanth & Subramanian & Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan) 2022 [Thraulus]
Examined also:
See also:
Atalophlebolinguata INCERTAE SEDIS