CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA

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Autapomorphies of Terpides/fg2.

(1) Egg (known for ornatodermis [T.], echinovaris [T.] and contamanensis [T.]) resembles bivalve shell: two rows of rectangular plates are stretched along the whole egg; each plate arises from "lateral" egg surface and has free margin directed "ventrally" (Kluge 2015: Fig.39-40, 41-48, 80-84, 102-107). Micropyles locate on "ventral" side, between free margins of the plates (Kluge 2015: Fig.106-107). Egg surface free from the plates has relief characteristic for each species (see below). In contrast to Terpides/fg2, eggs of Fittkaulus and Tikuna have now two rows of plates (Kluge 2015: Fig.108-111, 118-124).

Characters of Terpides/fg2 of unclear phylogenetic status.

(2) Both lamellae of each tergalius I–VII without projections by sides of terminal point (Kluge 2015: Fig.34-38, 68-72, 87-91) [see Terpides/fg1 (18)].

(3) On subimaginal fore leg of male 1^st tarsomere (shortened) is covered by blunt microlepides, as other tarsomeres. In contrast to Fittkaulus and Tikuna, whose 1^st tarsomere of subimaginal male fore leg is covered by microtrichiae, and only 2^nd–5^th tarsomeres are covered by blunt microlepides [about other legs – see Terpides/fg1 (10)].

(4) Subimaginal cuticle of mesonotum with contrasting brown color pattern on colorless background. The same in Fittkaulus (Kluge 2009: Fig.14); in contrast to Tikuna, whose cuticle of subimaginal mesonotum is entirely colorless.

(5) Costal projection of hind wing blunt and low (Kluge 2015: Fig.33, 66, 86). In contrast to Fittkaulus and Tikuna.

Plesiomorphies of Terpides/fg2.  

(6) Gonostylus (whose apical segments are diminished, as in all Terpides/fg1) retains 2 apical segments (Kluge 2015: Fig.27, 77, 98). The same in Tikuna, in contrast to Fittkaulus.