CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA |
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Ephemera/fg10
(Panephemeroptera
Euephemeroptera
Euplectoptera
Anteritorna
Bidentiseta
Furcatergaliae
Fimbriatotergaliae
Fossoriae
Ephemera/fg9
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Ephemera/fg10)
Nomen hierarchicum: Ephemera/fg10 [f:1810; g:1758] (sine Hexagenia; incl. Sinephemera, Afromera)
In circumscription fits:
— gen. Ephemera: Eaton 1883–1888: 58
— subfam. Ephemerinae: McCafferty 1991a: 354
— Ephemera/fg10: Kluge 2004: 235
References. Eaton 1883–1888: * *; – Needham & Traver & Hsu 1935: * *; – McCafferty & Edmunds 1973: * *; – McCafferty 1975: ; – Edmunds & Jensen & Berner 1976: * *; – Kluge 2004: * * *
Autapomorphy of Ephemera/fg10. (1) Larval frontal projection [see Fossoriae (2)] is bipointed (Kluge 2004: Fig.70:E). Characters of Ephemera/fg10 of unclear phylogenetic status. (2) Larval antennal flagellum dorsally with whorls of long dense setae (Kluge 2004: Fig.70:C,E). Among Hexagenia/fg1 the same in Hexagenia/fg2, but not in Eatonica/g1. (3) Larval fore tibia [burrowing – see Fossoriae (1)] on distal margin has no incision and denticles (Kluge 2004: Fig.70:C) (unlike Ichthybotus, Hexagenia/fg1 and Palingenia/f1=g2). Probably a secondary simplification. Plesiomorphies of Ephemera/fg10. Maxilla with 3 canines, both dentisetae [see Plesiomorphies of Ephemera/fg9] are well-developed; paraglossae are not stretched proximally (unlike Hexagenia/fg1). Vestige of tergalius I [see Ephemera/fg9 (4)] is bilamellate (Kluge 2004: Fig.70:C) (unlike Litobrancha). In imago and subimago of both sexes paracercus is not shortened or slightly shortened, being subequal to cerci (unlike Hexagenia/fg1); gonostylus with 2 distal segments (i.e. 4-segmented – see Plesiomorphies of Ephemera/fg9). |
Size. Fore wing length 8–20 mm.
Distribution. Holarctic, Oriental and Afrotropical Regions; dominate in Oriental and Palaearctic Regions.
The taxon Ephemera/fg10 is divided into: |
A number of insufficiently described Asian species have uncertain systematic position