CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA |
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Teloganodes/f1=g3
(Panephemeroptera
Euephemeroptera
Euplectoptera
Anteritorna
Bidentiseta
Furcatergaliae
Ephemerella/fg1
Pantricorythi
Melanemerella/f1=Teloganodes/g1
Melanemerella/f2=Teloganodes/g2
Teloganodes/f1=g3)
Nomen hierarchicum: Teloganodes/f1=g3
[f:1965; g:1882] (sine Teloganella; incl. Macafertiella, Dudgeodes, Derlethina)
In circumscription fits:
— gen. Teloganodes Eaton 1882: 208
— Teloganodes/fg1: Kluge 2004: 320
Nominal taxa included:
References. Eaton 1883–1888: *; – Ulmer 1924c:
'; – 1939:
'
'; – Wang & McCafferty
1996a (Macafertiella):
'; – Kluge 2004:
*
*
*
*; – Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008:
Autapomorphies of Teloganodes/f1=g3. (1) On tergalii beginning from pair III, two branches of dorsal lobe [see Melanemerella/f2=Teloganodes/g2 (1)] are deeply separated by a cleft. (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:E–H). Various species have different number of tergalii [tergalii VII are always absent – see Melanemerella/f1=Teloganodes/g1 (1) and Table]: in insignis [Macafertiella], tuberculatus [Teloganodes] and kodai [Teloganodes] tergalii III–V have dorsal lobe cleft and ventral lobe bifurcate with processes, tergalius VI has simple dorsal lobe and no ventral lobe (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:E); in sp.T4 and species originally attributed to Dudgeodes, tergalii III–IV have dorsal lobe cleft and ventral lobe bifurcate with processes, tergalius V has cleft dorsal lobe and no ventral lobe, tergalius VI is lost (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:F); in jacobusi [Teloganodes] and hubbardi [Teloganodes] tergalii III–IV also have dorsal lobe cleft and ventral lobe bifurcate with processes, tergalius V has simple dorsal lobe and no ventral lobe, tergalius VI is lost (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:G); in eloisae [Derlethina] only tergalius III has dorsal lobe cleft and ventral lobe bifurcate with processes, tergalius IV has integral dorsal lobe and no ventral lobe, tergalii V–VI are lost (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:H). (2) Larval, subimaginal and imaginal paracercus is vestigial. Non-unique apomorphy (see Index of characters [1.3.64]); among Ephemerella/fg1 the same in Dicercomyzon only. (3) Maxilla is somewhat modified (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:C): canines (which are initially three) are fused in a single elongate canine with a denticle on inner-ventral margin; at least proximal dentiseta [among two dentisetae – see Bidentiseta (1)] is pectinate; biting edge of maxilla is shortened, bears only 2 setae of inner-dorsal row proximad of dentisetae, and only 3 setae of inner-ventral row (as larva uses its maxillae for biting, canines and dentisetae can be ground off, thus larva shortly after moult should be examined). Non-unique apomorphies; maxillary canines of Vietnamella are similarly fused and elongate. (4) On imaginal and subimaginal mesoscutum [see Ephemerella/fg1 (10)] lateroparapsidal suture is not curved laterally, but convergent with medioparapsidal suture; subimaginal lateral pigmented area occupies the whole sublateroscutum, whole submedioscutum and latero-posterior part of medioscutum, leaving a non-pigmented median area, which narrows posteriorly (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:A). Microtrichia cover most part of scutum, being absent on lateroscutum and posterior scutal protuberances. This is different from Ephemerella/fg2, Vietnamella and Melanemerella/fg1, whose pigmented area is smaller [see Ephemerella/fg1 (10)] and from Tricoryptera, whose pigmented area is larger or non-expressed; possibly, synapomorphy with Tricoryptera. Characters of Teloganodes/f1=g3 of unclear phylogenetic status. (5) Larval abdominal terga always lack paired projections [see Ephemerella/fg1 (19)]: they can either bear unpaired median projection on hind margin, or have no projections (non-unique character – see Index of characters [1.3.3]). (6) Tergalii I [initially stick-like – see Ephemerella/fg1 (13)] are lost. Non-unique apomorphy (see Index of characters [1.3.20]). (7) Eyes of male are large, divided into two portions (as plesiomorphic for Ephemeroptera, but secondarily restored in some taxa – see Index of characters [2.1.3]). (8) Infrascutellum is interrupted medially, scutellum with enlarged lateral impressions (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:A). Among Pantricorythi, the same in Tricoryptera (possibly synapomorphy); the same in Caenoptera (see Classifications of Furcatergaliae II). (9) Hind wing is diminished (as long as 0.13–0.14 of fore wing length) and modified: costal projection is well-expressed, in most species situated at the middle of costal margin, in eloisae [Derlethina] – near apex; Sc does not reach wing apex and terminates at base of costal projection; MP is non-branched; there are no veins behind MP (Kluge 2004: Fig.96:D). Non-unique character, the same in some Ephemerella/fg2 (Teloganopsis, Hyrtanella/f2=Crinitella/g1) and some Leptophlebia/fg1. In Tricoryptera hind wing is under greater reduction, and in other Pantricorythi Sc goes up to wing apex. Possibly, synapomorphy with Tricoryptera.
Variable characters of Teloganodes/f1=g3. Larval head either has normal shape, or is strongly flattened, with frons margined by a row of long setae and overlapping clypeus, labrum and mandibles (in eloisae [Derlethina]); in this case mandibles are strongly shortened (McCafferty & Wang 1997: Fig.10,28,37) (similar to some Melanemerella/fg1 and others – see Index of characters [1.1.4]). |
Size. Fore wing length 4–12 mm.
Distribution. Oriental Region.
Nominal species in Teloganodes/f1=g3:
barathyae Sivaruban & Martynov & Srinivasan & Isack
(in Martynov & Sivaruban & Palatov & Srinivasan & Barathy &
Isack & Sartori) 2022 [Teloganodes]
bauernfeindi Garces & Sartori (in Garces & Sartori
& Freitag 2020) [Dudgeodes]
bharathidasani Anbalagan (in Anbalagan & Balachandran
& Kannan & Dinakaran & Krishnan 2015) [Dudgeodes]
celebensis Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Dudgeodes]
-
-
/
dentata Navás 1932 [Teloganodes]
eloisae Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Derlethina]
— typus nominis Derlethina =
sp.T3: Kluge 2004
/
,
/
/
freitagi Garces & Sartori (in Garces & Sartori & Freitag
2020) [Dudgeodes]
hubbardi Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Teloganodes]
hutanis Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Dudgeodes]
insignis Wang & McCafferty 1996 [Macafertiella]
jacobusi Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Teloganodes]
=
sp.T2: Kluge 2004
-
,
-
-
/
kodai Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Teloganodes]
-
-
/
lugens
Navás 1933 [Teloganodes]
luntian Garces & Sartori (in Garces & Sartori & Freitag
2020) [Dudgeodes]
major Eaton 1885 [Teloganodes]
molinerii Sivaruban, Martynov, Srinivasan, Barathy & Isack (in
Martynov & Sivaruban & Palatov & Srinivasan & Barathy &
Isack & Sartori) 2022 [Dudgeodes]
palnius Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus
(in Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus & Janarthyanan &
Arumugam) 2014 [Dudgeodes]
-
-
pangantihoni Garces & Sartori (in Garces & Sartori
& Freitag 2020) [Dudgeodes]
pescadori Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Dudgeodes]
— typus nominis Dudgeodes
romani Martynov & Palatov
& Boonsoong 2016 [Dudgeodes]
sartorii Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus
(in Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus & Janarthyanan &
Arumugam) 2014 [Teloganodes]
-
-
/
selvakumari Martynov & Palatov (in Martynov & Sivaruban
& Palatov & Srinivasan & Barathy & Isack & Sartori) 2022 [Dudgeodes]
stephani Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Dudgeodes]
= sp.T1: Kluge 2004
/
,
,
/
/
tabang Garces & Sartori (in Garces & Sartori & Freitag
2020) [Dudgeodes]
tamiraparaniae Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus
(in Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan & Jacobus & Janarthyanan &
Arumugam) 2014 [Derlethina]
-
-
tristis Hagen 1858 [Cloe]
— typus nominis Teloganodes
tuberculatus Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Teloganodes]
-
-
/
ulmeri Sartori (in Sartori & Peters
& Hubbard 2008) [Dudgeodes]
vonrinteleni Garces & Sartori (in Garces & Sartori & Freitag
2020) [Dudgeodes]
Examined also:
See also:
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