CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA
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CLADOENDESIS OF EPHEMEROPTERA |
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† Plesiomorphon Permoplectoptera (or Protereisma/f1=Phtharthus/g1)
(Panephemeroptera
Euephemeroptera
-
pm.Permoplectoptera)
Nomen hierarchicum: 
Protereisma/f1=Phtharthus/g1
[f:1917; g:1904]
Nomina circumscribentia:
— 
Protereismephemeridae Sellards 1907:
345
—
Permoplectoptera
Tillyard 1932:
117 
In circumscription fits:
— fam. Protereismephemeridae: Sellards 1907: 345
— fam. Protereismidae: Lameere 1917: 45
— superfam. Protereismatoidea: Demoulin 1958: 6
— subordo Permoplectoptera: Tillyard 1932: 117
— Permoplectoptera, or Protereisma/f1=Phtharthus/g1: Kluge 2000: 243
Nominal taxa included:
Protereisma/fg
[f:1917; g:1907] (typus P. permianum)
Protechma/g
[g:1907] (typus P.
acuminatum)
Prodromites/g
[g:1924] (typus Prodromus rectus) =
Prodromus/g
[g:1907] nom.praeocc.
Bantisca/g
[g:1907] (typus B.
elongata )
Rekter/g
[g:1907] (typus R. arcuatus) = Recter/g
[g:1909]
Pinctodia/g
[g:1907] (typus P. curta )
Mecus/g
[g:1909] (typus
Scopus gracilis) = Scopus/g
[g:1907] nom.praeocc.
Esca/g [g:1909]
(typus Therates planus)
Kukalova/fg
[fg:1970] (typus K. americana)
Misthodotes/fg [f:1932;
g:1909] (typus Dromeus obtusus) = Dromeus/g
[g:1907] nom.praeocc.
Eudoter/fg
[f:1954; g:1936] (typus E. delicatulus)
Palingeniopsis/fg
[f:1938; g:1932] (typus P. praecox)
Loxophlebia/g
[g:1928] (typus L. apicalis)
Mesephemera/fg
[f:1917; g:1906] (typus Ephemera procera)
Jarmila/fg
[fg:1970] (typus J. elongata)
Oboriphlebia/fg
[fg:1980] (typus Kukalova moravica)
Mesoplectopteron/fg
[f:1955; g:1918] (typus M.
longipes)
Cretereisma/g
[g:2007] (typus C. antiqua)
Alexandrinia/g
[2012] (typus A. gigantea)
Ponalex
[g:2012] (typus
P. maximus)
References. Sellards 1907:
; – Tillyard 1932: ; –
Carpenter 1933: ; – Kukalova 1968:
; – Tshernova 1970: ; –
Carpenter 1979: .
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Plesiomorphies of Permoplectoptera (unlike Euplectoptera). Wings are homonomous – i.e. hind wings have nearly the same size and venation as fore wings (Kluge 2004: Fig.14:B). At least in some representatives tergalii are present not only on abdominal segments I–VII, but on abdominal segments VIII–IX as well (Kluge 2004: Fig.14:D). For larva of americana [Kukalova], are described segmented tarsus and two claws, that resembles adult structure and differs from larval Euplectoptera (Kukalova 1968). |
Size. Fore wing length 6–32 mm.
Age. From Early Permian to Early Cretaceous.
Nominal species in Permoplectoptera:
with Protereisma-type wing venation:
larva with well-preserved venation of protoptera:
americana Demoulin 1970 [Kukalova]
adults:
acuminatum Sellards 1907 [Protechma]
arcuatus Sellards 1907
[Rekter]
curta Sellards 1907
[Pinctodia]
directa Sinitshenkova & Vassilenko 2012 [Alexandrinia]
directum Carpenter 1979 [Protereisma]
elongata Sellards 1907 [Bantisca]
— typus nominis Bantisca
extensis Sellards 1907
[Rekter]
gigantea Sinitshenkova & Vassilenko 2012 [Alexandrinia]
— typus nominis Alexandrinia
gracilis Sellards 1907
[Scopus]
— typus nominis Mecus
insigne
Tillyard 1932 [Protereisma]
latum Sellards 1907 [Protereisma]
???
maximus Sinitshenkova & Aristov 2012 [Ponalex]
— typus nominis Ponalex
minus Sellards 1907 [Protereisma]
permianum Sellards 1907
[Protereisma]
planus Sellards 1907
[Terates]
— typus nominis Esca
rectus Sellards 1907
[Prodromus]
sellardsi Tillyard 1932
[Protereisma]
with Misthodotes-type wing venation:
biguttatus
Tillyard 1932 [Misthodotes]
delicatulus Tillyard 1936
[Eudoter]
— typus nominis Eudoter
edmundsi Carpenter 1979 [Misthodotes]
obtusus Sellards 1907
[Dromeus]
ovalis Tillyard 1932 [Misthodotes]
sharovi Tshernova 1965
[Misthodotes]
stapfi Kinzelbach & Lutz 1984 [Misthodotes]
tshernovae Sinitshenkova & Vassilenko 2012 [Misthodotes]
zalesskyi Tshernova 1965 [Misthodotes]
with Palingeniopsis-type wing venation:
praecox Martynov
1932 [Palingeniopsis]
with Cretereisma-type wing venation:
antiqua
Willmann 2007 [Cretereisma]
— typus nominis Cretereisma
schwickertorum
Willmann 2007 [Cretereisma]
adults with unknown wing venation:
apicalis Martynov 1928
[Loxophlebia]
lithophilus Germar 1842 [Tineites]
palaeon
Weyenbergh 1874 [Anomalon]
prisca Germar 1839 [Sciaria]
procera Hagen 1862
[Ephemera]
— typus nominis Mesephemera
rossenrayensis Guthorl 1967 [Protereisma]
speciosa
Oppenheim 1888 [Ephemera] (nom. praeocc.)
uralicum Zalessky 1947 [Protereisma]
weyenberghi
Handlirsch 1906 [Mesephemera]
larvae with unknown wing venation:
elongata
Demoulin 1970 [Jarmila]
— typus nominis Jarmila
longipes Handlirsch 1918 [Mesoplectopteron]
moravica Demoulin 1970
[Kukalova]
— typus nominis Oboriphlebia
netshaevi Handlirsch
1904 [Phtharthus]
— syn.subj.
rossicus [Phtharthus]
quarta Hubbard & Kukalova-Peck 1980 [Oboriphlebia]
quinta
Hubbard & Kukalova-Peck 1980 [Oboriphlebia]
rossicus Handlirsch 1904 [Phtharthus]
tertia Hubbard & Kukalova-Peck 1980 [Oboriphlebia]
sp.: larval
paratype of sharovi Tshernova 1965 [Misthodotes]
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